Summers v. Tice, 33 Cal.2d 80, 199 P.2d 1 (1948), is a seminal California Supreme Court tort law decision relating to the issue of liability where a plaintiff cannot identify with specificity which among multiple defendants caused his harm. Both Ds negligently fired at the same time at a quail in P's direction. Werner O. Graf for Respondent. 1948), Supreme Court of California, case facts, key issues, and holdings and reasonings online today. 4. OPINION. Ct., 33 Cal. 3 Reporter’s Transcript on Appeal at 52, Summers v.Tice, 190 P.2d 963 (Cal. Each of the two defendants appeals from a judgment against them in an action for personal injuries. Jury Instruction Civ. Neither of these examples is applicable in the instant case. 1948) (No. G Claim v. Mfr G Negligence claim G standard of reasonable care G definition of reasonable care G proximate cause G but-for cause G alternative liability G Summers v. Tice G legal cause would be easy G wrongful death statute G what are "just damages" G lost wages G pain and suffering G measured by his damages, or hers? Supreme Court of California. ANALYSIS At common law, two situations in which two or more de-fendants acted tortiously toward the plaintiff gave rise to what is now referred to as joint and several liability: where the defendants acted in concert to cause the harm, and ble result. G Claim v. Hospital/Doctor? (2009). App. The complaint in Summers v. Tice relates that the accident occurred close to Welton, California, a community that does not exist. 20650, 20651. COUNSEL. Case: Kingston v. Chicago & Northwestern Railway .....276 Twin-Fires Cases and the “Substantial Factor Test” in the Multiplicity Context .....279 The Summers v. Tice Doctrine .....280 Case: Summers v. A. Wittman for Appellants. Summers v. Tice, 33 Cal.2d 80, 82-83 (1948). P was struck in the eye by a shot from one of the guns. Summers v. Tice Hunter (P) v. Hunters (D) Cal. Procedural History: Trial court found for P against both Ds. CARTER, J. N.M. Unif. classic case of Summers v. Tice, 199 P.2d 1 (1948), and (2) cases in which “multiple acts each may be a cause of indivisible injury regardless of the other(s),” as described in § 432(2) of the Restatement (Second) of Torts. Complaint for Damages and Personal Injuries, Summers v. ), rev’d, 199 P.2d 1 (Cal. Gale & Purciel, Joseph D. Taylor and Wm. 3 L. A. Nos. Endnotes 1. 1 33 Cal.2d 80 (1948) 2 CHARLES A. SUMMERS, Respondent, v. HAROLD W. TICE et al., Appellants. Sup. cmt. 2. Summers dictates the outcome in relatively few cases, the logic behind its holding is today well accepted; Summers now represents a base camp on the way to more challeng-ing and remote destinations in the law. 13-305, comm. Get Summers v. Tice, 199 P.2d 1 (Cal. Consolidated appeals from a judgment of the Superior Court of Los Angeles County (California), which awarded Charles A. Summers, Plaintiff damages for personal injuries arising out of a hunting accident, in Plaintiff’s negligence action against two hunters, Harold W. Tice and Ernest Simonson (Defendants). CitationSummers v. Tice, 33 Cal. 2d 80 (Cal. Ct. CHARLES A. SUMMERS, Respondent, v. HAROLD W. TICE et al., Appellants. Written and curated by real attorneys at Quimbee. At that time, in the landmark case of Summers v. Tice, the principles of "alternative liability" were born.2 Although it can be argued that "justice" was served in Summers, it can also be argued that Summers represented the first step onto a "slippery slope" … 2d 80, 199 P.2d 1 (1948). Complaint at 1, Summers v. 1948) Brief Fact Summary. Summers v. Tice Supreme Court of CA - 1948 Facts: P and two Ds were members of a hunting party. The case established the doctrine of alternative liability and has had its greatest influence in the area of product liability in American jurisprudence. LA 20650) [hereinafter Reporter’s Transcript]. 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